Abstract
ABSTRACT Despite the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG6) of achieving universal access to clean water and sanitation by 2030, many developing countries still face water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related health issues such as child mortality caused by diarrhea. This study investigated the factors contributing to diarrhea prevalence in rural children, utilizing a cross-sectional survey (n = 517) of smallholder household representatives from a Risk, Attitudes, Norms, Abilities, and Self-Regulation (RANAS) perspective. Using binary logistic regression, the study found that a high prevalence of diarrhea among children was associated with unsafe/open disposal of child feces, living in the poorest households, poor self-rated health, and residing in the Wa East district. Conversely, children from the Brifo ethnicity and those from larger households were less likely to have a high prevalence of diarrhea. These findings underscore the influence of behavioral, socio-cultural, and socioeconomic factors on the prevalence of diarrhea in rural areas. To achieve SDG6, child-friendly sanitation infrastructure, behavior change communication strategies, and incentivizing WASH infrastructure in Ghana and other regions in Sub-Saharan Africa facing similar conditions are recommended.
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