Determinants of concurrent wasting and stunting among children 6 to 23 mo in Indonesia

Abstract

ObjectivesConcurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) in a child is a health problem that leads to detrimental effects. However, to our knowledge, there is limited research regarding the prevalence and determinants of WaSt, including in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and determinants of WaSt in children 6 to 23 mo of age. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with data sets from the Indonesia Nutritional Status Survey (INSS). Data was collected between January and December 2021. About 15 641 children, ages 23 mo, were included. A χ2 analysis examined the association between the dependent and independent variables. A multivariate test analyzed the risk for the independent variable to the dependent, seen through the adjusted odds ratio (aOR). ResultsThe prevalence of WaSt was 2.4%. Higher odds for WaSt were seen in the following:• Boys: 2.15 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72–2.68);• Children ages 12 to 23 mo 3.15 times (95% CI, 2.33–4.25);• Those with low birth weight 3.11 times (95% CI, 2.33–4.15)• Those with small birth size: 2 times (95% CI, 1.59–2.54)• Babies born from mothers >35 y of age: 1.5 times (95% CI, 1.19–1.89);• Children who experienced infection: 1.43 times (95% CI, 1.16–1.76);• Children not using the Integrated Health and Nutrition Services (Posyandu): 1.17 times (95% CI; 1.29–2.27);• Children from middle- income families:2.54 times higher odds (95% CI, 1.75–3.7); and• Children from rural areas: 1.37 times (95% CI, 1.1–1.71). ConclusionWaSt is associated with multiple factors in Indonesia. Hence, policymakers need to address this problem comprehensively.