Abstract
Developing countries are experiencing rapid and unguided urbanization which may contribute to increase poverty. Managing rapid urbanization is crucial for sustainable development. The main purpose of this article is to explore the determinants, trend and status of urbanization and counter-urbanization in South Asia. The effects of urbanization and counter urbanization has influence on land use pattern and real estate planning in South Asia. Urbanization in South Asia provides opportunities for education, employment, better housing, updated technology transfer, markets for agricultural products and better physical treatment facilities by gathering well educated and skilled people. While the urbanization is increasing gradually in most of the megacities in South Asia but the trend of counter urbanization is less than the urbanization. The paper concluded with some policy recommendations including public-private partnership for sustainable urban development in South Asia.
Highlights
IntroductionSome Nigerian scholars have argued severally that private mission universities are glorified secondary schools (Kanabe, 2015; Michael, 2015) owing largely to the policies of these universities which are contrary to conventional tertiary institutions
In the past and in recent times, studies have explored several areas of student safety and development, most especially in developed nations where priority is placed on student affairs administration, but such efforts are yet to be examined in the literature emanating from Nigeria despite several criticism against the policies of the Nigerian private mission universities which seems to have been specially packaged to ensure student safety and development
Contrary to the belief of many critics on the violation of fundamental human rights, the study has shown nothing like violation but the existence of stringent policies to safeguard students‟ safety and development
Summary
Some Nigerian scholars have argued severally that private mission universities are glorified secondary schools (Kanabe, 2015; Michael, 2015) owing largely to the policies of these universities which are contrary to conventional tertiary institutions. The escalation of social problems such as violent demonstration, cultism, sexual harassment, examination misconduct, corruption, industrial strike and other in the public universities have resulted in disruption of normal academic calendar and poor quality of education. These among others prompted the emergence of private universities to rescue the nation‟s educational system from lethargies (AfNews, 2012; Michael, 2015; Nigeria, 2012; Okafor and Duru, 2010; Yusuf, 2017). The paper is divided into three sections namely: Introduction, literature review and concluding remarks
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