Determinants and Implications of Major Conflicts in Pakistan

Abstract

Pakistan is a state where different regions are influenced by varying nature of conflicts. Conflict in the country is deep rooted and multifaceted. Although, different conflicts occurred from time to time in the country but these were intensified after the occurrence of 9/11 events. All these have profound internal as well as regional and global impacts. Therefore, it is imperative to generate knowledge-based socioeconomic and demographic discourse on conflict, violence and their causes and impacts in Pakistan. Adopting a well structured questionnaire for interviewing and following multistage stratified sampling techniques, 1,057 households were interviewed at their premises in the major conflicts areas of the country, covering three Provinces, Federally and Provincially Administered Tribal Areas i.e., FATA and PATA. The anthropological aspects of the research were conducted mostly through qualitative means of information adopting different Participation Reflection and Action (PRA) tools. Seventeen Focus Groups Discussions (FGD) were held besides 28 in-depth interviews. Secondary sources of information were also collected and analyzed mainly for demographical analysis. The study identified major conflicts, their socio-economic, geo-political and religious causes and deductions.