Abstract
Background: Dysphonia will interfere with communication which will have an impact on social life such as depression, disrupt activities, work and can affect the quality of life. Dysphonia risk factors such as age, sex, duration of illness and etiology will affect the course of it. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for with the degree of Voice Handicap Index (VHI) as an indicator of dysphonia patients.Methods: Analytical descriptive study with cross-sectional design in dysphonia patients, the sample was determined as many as 62 who met the inclusion criteria. Quality of life was assessed by the VHI questionnaire. VHI degrees are classified into mild and moderate-severe. Data analysis using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. Results:Thirty-two (51.6%) subjects were women. Mean age was 47.26 +12.2. The most common causes of dysphonia (85.5%) were due to organic disorders and laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is the most common cause (37.1%) of all organic dysphonia disorders. Analysis of risk factors for age, gender, etiology of dysphonia and duration of illness with VHI degree were p = 0.282, p =0.76, p= 0.067, p= 0.001, respectively. Duration of illness ≥2 weeks has a 38.3x risk to severity VHI compared to <2 weeks. Conclusion: The duration of illness is a determinan related to of the degree of VHI that quality of life indicator in dysphonia patients.
 Key Words: Risk factors, Dysphonia, Voice Handicap Index
Highlights
Dysphonia is a general term for any voice disorder caused by abnormalities in the phonation organs, especially the larynx, both organic and functional (Upadhya et al 2020)
Based on the medical record data of ENT (Ears, Nose, Throat) clinics in 2018, it was found that dysphonia patients who came to the ENT clinic of Dr Kariadi Semarang Hospital were 0.02%, at RSU Dr Sooesilo Slawi were 0.01% with various causes and varying ages
Statistical analysis did not reveal an association between etiology and the degree of Voice Handicap Index (VHI) in dysphonia patients (p = 0.027). (Table 2)
Summary
Dysphonia is a general term for any voice disorder caused by abnormalities in the phonation organs, especially the larynx, both organic and functional (Upadhya et al 2020). The existence of a voice disorder or dysphonia will especially interfere with a communication process that will have a negative impact on social life such as depression, disruption in activities and work, and will affect the quality of life, (Kiakojoury et al 2014), (Toding et al 2019). Dysphonia will interfere with communication which will have an impact on social life such as depression, disrupt activities, work and can affect the quality of life Dysphonia risk factors such as age, sex, duration of illness and etiology will affect the course of it. Analysis of risk factors for age, gender, etiology of dysphonia and duration of illness with VHI degree were p = 0.282, p =0.76, p= 0.067, p= 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: The duration of illness is a determinan related to of the degree of VHI that quality of life indicator in dysphonia patients
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