Determinant factors, trend and outcomes of cesarean delivery in Debre Berhan referral hospital, North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.

Tsegahun Asfaw,Aleminesh Tesema

doi:10.4081/pr.2020.8430

Abstract

Cesarean Section (CS) refers to the delivery of a fetus, placenta and membrane through the abdominal and uterine incision after 28 weeks of gestation. Unless used appropriately, the potential risk to the mother and baby becomes more than the vaginal delivery. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the determinant factors, trends and outcomes of caesarean delivery. Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2016. All cesarean deliveries performed after period of viability (28 weeks) were included. The data was collected by using checklist and pretested questionnaire. The data was entered into EpiData and analyzed by SPSS version 21. There were 2587 deliveries in 2015 and 3423 deliveries in 2016, from those 440 and 660 were delivered by CS in each year respectively. The rate of CS in 2015 and 2016 was 17% and 19.3% respectively. The most common indication of CS was fetal distress. Mothers who had no antenatal care (ANC) follow-up had 3.16 times more risk for fetal death than mothers having ANC follow-up. We can conclude that the cesarean delivery rate is greater than WHO recommendation. ANC follow-up, parity, duration of labor, gestational age, types of CS and types of anesthesia are the main risk factors for CS and influence maternal and fetal outcomes.

Highlights

Cesarean Section (CS) refers to the delivery of fetus, placenta and membrane through the abdominal and uterine incision after 28 weeks of gestation
Inclusion and exclusion criteria All cesarean deliveries performed after the period of viability (28 weeks) including elective, emergency, primary and repeat cases were included, while cesarean deliveries which were not fully documented and those for those women for whom CS was done before 28 weeks of gestation were excluded
There is a total of 6010 deliveries in two consecutive years, of which 1100 (18.3%) were delivered by CS

Summary

Introduction

Cesarean Section (CS) refers to the delivery of fetus, placenta and membrane through the abdominal and uterine incision after 28 weeks of gestation. It is the most common major surgical procedure used and it has helped to decrease maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. CS is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the mother and baby’s life at risk but sometimes it is performed on request.. The socio-demographic and clinical data was collected by using checklist and pretested questionnaire by well-trained physicians and nurses. The data was entered into EpiData and analyzed by SPSS version 21

Methods

Results

Conclusion