Determinant Factors and Verified Dimensions of Competitive Ability for High School Judo Athletes

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The purpose of this study was to explore the dimensions and factors that affect the development of judo competitive abilities, and further examine the validity and reliability of the designed study. This study design was a qualitative research consisting of individual interview and questionnaire. The study interviewed 6 Olympic judo contestants and employed content analysis in order to establish fundamental concepts and further develop questionnaire. The questionnaire was a quantitative research, distributed to 362 high school judo players and their responses were explicated by factor analysis and item analysis. The results revealed: (1) influenced the development of judo competition abilities includes: social supports, attributions to frustrations, goal orientation, self-adjustment, determination for victory, self-governing consciousness, efficacy of hand grab, rapports between players and coaches, preparation for tactics, and development of skills. (2) Two dimensions were discussed: psychological skills including attempts to surpass, self-encouragement, self-control, social supports, and significant others. Another dimension, special technical skills, hand grab, and predominance of strategies. The results also indicated that the reliability and the validity were carefully demonstrated. Specifically, the internal consistent reliability of the psychological skill was between 0.58 and 0.90, the total reliability was 0.95, and the total explained variance was 62.08%. On the other hand, the technical skill was between 0.77 and 0.89, the total reliability was 0.92, and the total explained variance was 51.61%. This data indicates that this indigenous questionnaire is able to provide an initial evaluation of judo competitive abilities. In conclusion, the results indicates that developing an elaborate questionnaire to measure dimension of individual judo competitive ability is required because the fact that it can provide a better reference base for both players and coaches to solve potential problems. Furthermore, this study can be able to assist judo players in choosing their specialties according to their competitive competences.