Determinación social en la ocurrencia de anemia ferropénica en niños: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Anemia is a major public health problem due to its multiple biological, economic and social consequences. Iron deficiency anemia is common in young children, due to the high iron requirements necessary for their rapid growth and development, particularly during the first two years of life. With the aim of synthesizing the current knowledge on the social determinants of iron deficiency anemia in children, a systematic review of the original articles on quantitative studies published in the PubMed Central (PMC), SCOPUS Elsevier and the Virtual Library in Health (VHL) in the month of February of the year 2021, in which 43 articles were selected. It is observed that the studies address from structural causes such as socioeconomic level, as well as those underlying: sanitation, housing conditions, overcrowding, maternal knowledge, nutritional status of the child, breastfeeding and complementary feeding, among others. It is noted that there is a lack of studies in Latin America that address the problem from the perspective of social determinants, it is essential to deepen the study of the determination of the causes to have valid information that allows taking actions aimed at contributing to the resolution of the problem in Uruguay.