Deterioration and Protection of Concrete Elements Embedded in Contaminated Soil: A Review.

Ginneth Patricia Millán Ramírez,Hubert Byliński,Maciej Niedostatkiewicz

doi:10.3390/ma14123253

Ginneth Patricia Millán Ramírez, Hubert Byliński + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14123253

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Abstract

Coating materials are considered one of the most antique materials of human civilization; they have been used for decoration and the protection of surfaces for millennia. Concrete structures—due to their permanent exposure to different types of environments and contaminants—require the use of coatings that contribute to its preservation by reducing the corrosion of its components (steel and aggregates). This article intends to introduce the principal causes of concrete deterioration and the coating materials used to protect concrete structures, including a summary of the coating types, their advantages and disadvantages, and the latest developments and applications. Furthermore, this paper also assesses brief information about the potential challenges in the production of eco-friendly coating materials.

Highlights

In the last few decades, reinforced concrete (RC) has become one of the most used construction materials
The durability of concrete structures embedded in soil and exposed to different types of contamination might be affected by two factors: deterioration from concrete components and chemical deterioration caused by external agents [4,5]
Even though the construction sector causes several impacts to the environment, this sector is affected by the pollutants released by other industries, e.g., soil contamination due to agricultural and mining activities reducing the durability of structures embedded in the soil caused by the presence of chemical compounds, and air pollution produced by energy and transport sectors, where the emanation of chlorine oxides contributes to the accelerated corrosion [12,13]

Summary

Introduction

In the last few decades, reinforced concrete (RC) has become one of the most used construction materials. Even though the construction sector causes several impacts to the environment, this sector is affected by the pollutants released by other industries, e.g., soil contamination due to agricultural and mining activities reducing the durability of structures embedded in the soil caused by the presence of chemical compounds, and air pollution produced by energy and transport sectors, where the emanation of chlorine oxides contributes to the accelerated corrosion [12,13]. For this reason, it is essential to develop processes that generate less contamination and allows the protection of construction elements exposed to contaminants

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