Abstract
The safety of electric vehicles (EVs) has aroused widespread concern and attention. As the core component of an EV, the power battery directly affects the performance and safety. In order to improve the safety of power batteries, the internal failure mechanism and behavior characteristics of internal short circuit (ISC) and thermal runaway (TR) in extreme cases need to be tested and studied. The safety of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) has become a research hotspot for many scholars. With unreasonable misuse or abuse of lithium ion batteries, it is easy to cause internal short circuits, resulting in thermal runaway, which poses a great threat to the safety of the whole vehicle. This comprehensive review aims to describe the research progress of safety testing methods and technologies of lithium ion batteries under conditions of mechanical, electrical, and thermal abuse, and presents existing problems and future research directions.
Highlights
With the increasing number of automobiles, air pollution caused by automobile exhaust is becoming more serious, and the contradiction between energy and environmental development is becoming increasingly prominent
The objective of this review is to describe and summarize the safety testing methods and research statusWhen of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for automotive applications under mechanical, andcase thermal a lithium ion battery is impacted by external forces,electrical, the battery can beabuse eitherconditions
The starting position of internal short circuit (ISC) caused by extrusion needs to be further studied; further understanding of the safety evolution and short circuit prediction of lithium ion batteries in the case of extrusion is expected through existing experimental methods, combined with a reasonable finite element model, and using the response information of battery voltage, capacity, and temperature
Summary
With the increasing number of automobiles, air pollution caused by automobile exhaust is becoming more serious, and the contradiction between energy and environmental development is becoming increasingly prominent. As the energy storage device, a lithium ion battery (LIB) can be very dangerous performance and safety of the vehicle. In order to ensure safe, efficient, and stable traffic and weather conditions, it is necessary to test and evaluate the safety and performance of power driving of EVs under various traffic and weather conditions, it is necessary to test and evaluate the batteries [20,21,22]. How to solve the hidden dangers of LIBs and how to effectively carry safety tests and evaluations of power batteries has been a hot topic in the industry [26,27,28,29,30,31,32].
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