Abstract
This paper studies the optimal detection performance of the standard frequency diverse array (FDA) radar and FDA multi-input multioutput (FDA-MIMO) radar in Gaussian clutter and noise. Array signal processing scheme at the receiver is firstly designed to obtain the array steering vector containing range, azimuth, and frequency increment. For the two array configurations, namely, collocated transmit-receive and collocated transmit distributed receive, the likelihood ratio test statistics and the test statistic distributions are derived in the Neyman–Pearson sense. It is then investigated how the number of array elements influences the detection performance of various radar systems at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Several numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate that the performance improvement is hard for MIMO and FDA-MIMO by only increasing the number of transmit elements, while it is achievable for the FDA. The paper finally makes a comparative analysis for detection performances of five radar configurations under different SNRs.
Highlights
It is known that frequency diverse array (FDA) radar has more promising applications in interference rejection, target detection, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, and so on [1,2,3,4]. e beam of the FDA radar can scan the space in a periodic manner by employing a tiny frequency offset across the transmit elements
Since the essential characteristics of the FDA require that the transmit array must be composed of closely spaced transmitting elements, we will study two configurations of the array, namely, collocated transmit-receive and collocated transmit distributed receive, respectively. e likelihood ratio test statistics and the test statistic distributions are derived in the Neyman–Pearson sense. e detection performances of five radar configurations are comparatively analyzed, especially in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environment
The target detection performance of several radars with different array configurations is comparatively analyzed in Gaussian clutter and noise
Summary
It is known that frequency diverse array (FDA) radar has more promising applications in interference rejection, target detection, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, and so on [1,2,3,4]. e beam of the FDA radar can scan the space in a periodic manner by employing a tiny frequency offset across the transmit elements. Lan et al [16] devised FDA-MIMO adaptive detectors according to the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) criterion, where three optimization strategies have been proposed to compute the maximum likelihood (ML) estimate of the target incremental range under the H1 hypothesis. Zhu et al [19] presented a unified framework detector to comparatively analyze the target detection performance of the FDA-MIMO, standard FDA, phased-array, and MIMO radar, respectively. One of the main features of the standard FDA and FDAMIMO radar is that their array steering vector contains range, azimuth angle, and frequency increment, whereas the detail of the derivation process about the array steering vector is rarely discussed in most open literature studies.
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