Abstract
Background and aims: Salmonella spp. infect cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals and may cause a worldwide zoonotic disease, salmonellosis, in infected animals. Rodents can be Salmonella carriers without any signs of salmonellosis. The frequency of salmonella contamination, the presence of virulence genes (SpvR and SpvB) and antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated Salmonella were studied in rural Mus musculus to reveal the possible role of them in Salmonella dissemination in Golestan province. Methods: A total of 190 wet rectal swabs of M. musculus were obtained from rural areas of Golestan province with different climate conditions. The swabs were cultured and positive samples were serotyped and their antibiotic resistance patterns were studied. The presence of Salmonella and virulence genes was analyzed by SpvR and SpvB genes primers, respectively. Results: Salmonella spp. were detected in 15 (7%) of 190 fecal samples by bacterial culture and PCR. S. enteritidis (n=9) and S. typhimurium (n=6) were identified. The highest and lowest frequencies were detected in humid (13.1%) and arid areas (3.1%), respectively. SpvR and SpvB genes were diagnosed in 10 of 15 (66.6%) isolated Salmonella. The highest resistance of detected Salmonella spp. was observed against streptomycin (53%). All the isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin and trimethoprim. Conclusion: The Salmonella contamination in sampled house mice indicates that native people should be made aware of the risk of Salmonella infection and possible ways of salmonella transmission through rodents. In addition, the application of appropriate therapeutic approaches to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistant Salmonella is recommended.
Highlights
Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria from the Family Enterobacteriaceae with over 2500 serotypes
Salmonella contamination was detected to be higher in mice from the humid area than those from the arid and semi-arid areas (Table 3)
The Salmonella contamination rate of 7% in house mice in the current study indicates the presence of this bacterium in the wildlife and rural ecosystem of Golestan province as well as dissemination of the bacteria in these ecosystems through the sampled house mice
Summary
Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria from the Family Enterobacteriaceae with over 2500 serotypes. The symptoms of Salmonella contamination depend on its pathogenicity which is under control of specific virulence genes (SpvB and SpvR). These genes play an important role in generating antibiotic resistance and dissemination of the bacteria in the bodies of hosts (humans and animals).[2]. The frequency of salmonella contamination, the presence of virulence genes (SpvR and SpvB) and antibiotic resistance pattern of isolated Salmonella were studied in rural Mus musculus to reveal the possible role of them in Salmonella dissemination in Golestan province.
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