Detection of urinary trace elements and pattern recognition analysis in patients with renal cell carcinoma by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Abstract

This study aims to observe the changes and diagnostic values of urinary trace elements in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A total of 28 RCC patients that had been performed radical surgery for more than 3 years were included into this case-control study; meanwhile, thirty healthy volunteers without kidney diseases were set as the control group over the same period. The levels of various urinary trace elements in both groups were measured, and the results were performed the significance analysis and pattern recognition analysis using with partial least square discriminant analysis and Fisher analysis. The significance analysis showed that compared with the control group, the case group exhibited significantly reduced levels of Mg (26.3 mg/L for the case group vs. 52.1 mg/L for the control group, P < 0.05), V (72.9 μg/L for the case group vs. 110.1 μg/L for the control group, P < 0.05), Mo (59.6 μg/L for the case group vs. 261.7 μg/L for the control group, P < 0.05), and Sn (4.5 μg/L for the case group vs. 27.3 μg/L for the control group, P < 0.05) while significantly increased Cd (25.0 μg/L for the case group vs. 15.5 μg/L for the control group, P < 0.05). The accuracy of the discriminant function established by the Fisher analysis was 91.4%. Patients with RCC exhibit differences in such urinary trace elements as Mg, V, Mo, Sn, and Cd with healthy populations, and the discriminant accuracy is high.