Abstract
ABSTRACT: Wild boars (Sus scrofa) have become an important invasive species in all Brazilian regions. Increase in their population causes damage to rural properties, as they invade and destroy crops. To protect their crops and farm animals, producers hunt wild boars and often consume the product without any sanitary control, becoming exposed to various types of pathogens, including Toxoplasma gondii. Sanitary evaluations of these animals are scarce, especially in relation to the protozoan T. gondii. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of this pathogen in wild boars in Brazil. We analyzed 122 blood samples from wild boars (blood clots and serum), collected between 2014 and 2016 in five Brazilian states, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and indirect hemagglutination (IH) techniques. In total, 33 (27%) samples were positive by at least one test, 16 (13.1%) were positive by PCR, 19 (15.6%) were positive by IH, and only 2 (1.6%) were positive by both tests. The lack of sanitary management of feral animals increases the incidence of infections, and the consumption of raw or inadequately cooked meat may become a potential source of infection for humans in Brazil.
Highlights
RESUMO: Os javalis (Sus scrofa) tornaram-se uma importante espécie invasora em todas as regiões do Brasil
33 (27%) amostras foram positivas em pelo menos um teste, sendo 16 (13,1%) na polymerase chain reaction (PCR) e 19 (15,6%) na indirect hemagglutination (IH) e apenas 2 (1,6%) em ambos os testes
Wild boar (Sus scrofa), and its crosses with domestic pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus), are considered “invasive exotic species” (SIMBERLOFF, 2013), being the second largest threat to global biodiversity (SIMBERLOFF, 2013) because they cause the extinction of native species of fauna and flora (PEDROSA et al, 2015).In Brazil, the occurrence of wild boars has been recorded in 472 municipalities (PEDROSAet al., 2015), demonstrating a high potential for invasion and adaptability (BARRIOSGARCIA & BALLARI, 2012) and causing great damage to rural properties (PEDROSA et al, 2015)
Summary
RESUMO: Os javalis (Sus scrofa) tornaram-se uma importante espécie invasora em todas as regiões do Brasil. Detecção de infecção por Toxoplasma gondii através da hemaglutinação indireta e PCR em javalis (Sus scrofa) de vida livre This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies and detect T.gondii in feral boars in Brazil.
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