Abstract
Aim:The aim of this research was to determine the copro-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with repetitive 529 bp gene and to construct the phylogenetic tree of Toxoplasma oocyst from pet cats in Yogyakarta.Materials and Methods:9 of 132 pet cat samples which serologically positive for Toxoplasma were used in this research. To determine the copro-prevalence of T. gondii in pet cat, 10 g of feces samples taken from practitioners and household cats in Yogyakarta were used in the PCR method utilizing repetitive 529 bp gene sequences.Results:The result shows that copro-prevalence by PCR using repetitive 529 bp gene was 33.3% (3/9). The phylogenetic tree of Toxoplasma grouped into two clades, which clade 1 consists of Toxoplasma isolates collected from pet cats in Yogyakarta Indonesia and T. gondii isolates from China and in clade 2 consist of the T. gondii isolates from India.Conclusion:Copro-prevalence of T. gondii in pet cats in Yogyakarta by means of PCR using repetitive 529 bp gene is around 33.3%.
Highlights
Toxoplasma gondii infections are prevalent in humans and animals worldwide
The objective of this research was to determine the copro-prevalence of T. gondii using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with repetitive 529 bp gene and to construct Toxoplasma oocyst phylogenetic tree from pet cats in Yogyakarta
The centrifuged method revealed that the Toxoplasma oocyst was found in pet cat feces, proven by the size of the oocyst with the diameter ranging from 9.37 μm×11.25 μm
Summary
Toxoplasma gondii infections are prevalent in humans and animals worldwide. It has been estimated that one-third of the world population has been exposed to this parasite [1]. Toxoplasmosis showed no specific symptoms on domestic cats but may cause chronic illness and clinical symptoms in neonates, geriatric, and immunocompromised animals [2]. Felines are the final or definitive hosts of T. gondii while human and all other warm-blooded animals are as intermediate hosts [3]. The most common routes of T. gondii transmission are through ingestion of undercooked meat which contains cysts, poorly washed vegetables, and water or soil contaminated with oocysts [4]. Determination of toxoplasmosis diagnosis is inaccurate by clinical approach since infection is asymptomatic or subclinical in chronic infection, especially on immunocompetent hosts. Some clinical symptom data have been collected
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