Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases worldwide and it is caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, humans can get infected post-naturally either by uptake of sporulated toxoplasma oocysts or by ingestion of tissue cysts upon consumption of raw or undercooked meat. The study included cattle, sheep and chicken of different age groups and housing conditions whenever possible and applicable. Direct Latex Agglutination test was used to detect T. gondii specific antibodies and to determine seroprevalences in meat juice of slaughtered animals. The total samples are 300 of domestic animals (cattle, sheep and chicken 100 samples each of them). The results of Latex agglutination test are positive in 17% of cattle, 37% of sheep and 9% of chicken from meat juice. The examination of specific IgG and IgM antibodies was detected by Hydroxy ethylmercaptan (2-ME) test with used of meat juices and Compound of 2- Hydroxy ethylmercaptan which appear in cattle 17.9% of IgM and 82.1% IgG, in sheep 16.2% of IgM and 83.8% IgG and in chicken 11.1% of IgM and 88.9% IgG. The aim of this study was to approximate the risk of human infection via meat consumption by estimating the seroprevalence of T. gondii in slaughtered animals in Hamdania.
Highlights
الملخص ،Toxoplasma gondii يعد داء المقوسات الكوندية من أهم الأمراض المشتركة والذي يسببه طفيلي وينتقل من خلال تناول أكياس البيض أو أطواره المتواجدة في الأنسجة خلال تناول اللحوم الغير المطبوخة
It may lead to a transient illness characterized by lymphadenopathy, fever, fatigue, arthralgia, dermatosis, malaise, headache, and myalgia (Pinard et al, 2005), any meat from warm-blooded animals and birds traditionally has been considered a major source of T. gondii infection in the world (Asgari et al, 2006).This idea stems from small outbreaks associated with the consumption of undercooked meat and several epidemiological studies, the consumption of undercooked meat is the most likely source of infection (Choi, 1997; Cook, 2000; Tenter et al, 2000)
Indirect agglutination test Positive samples of meat juices for toxoplasma antibody which selected in the first test, examined by Indirect agglutination test and 8 dilutions for selected meat juices were prepared. 2.3. 2-Hydroxy ethylmercaptan The compound 2-Hydroxy ethylmercaptan were used with selected positive meat juices for toxoplasma antibody, the 2-Hydroxy ethylmercaptan test identify the type of immunoglobulin IgG or IgM (Desmonts and Remington, 1980), 0.14 ml of (0.2 M) 2Hydroxy ethylmercaptan were added to 10 ml volumetric flask and volume completed using phosphate buffer saline (Gould and Clegg, 1987) 0.1 ml of 2- Hydroxy ethylmercaptan were added to 0.1 ml of meat juices in clean test tube and incubated at (37 oC) for one hour
Summary
Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) Determination of T. gondii Antibody by latex agglutination test, depending on kit called Toxocell-latex with meat juices of cattle, sheep and chicken at room temperature by freezing individual meat samples at -18 C overnight, thawing at 20-25 C and using a commercial test kit. This kit uses formalin-fixed whole tachyzoites as antigen, and has been validated for use with pork samples (Gamble et al, 2005; Dubey et al, 2005 ) for testing cattle, sheep and chicken tissue fluids of 0.05 ml of meat juices and 0.05 ml of kit in clean slights by micropipette and mixed by circle movement for 5 minutes and reported the result by macro examination or micro examination.
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