Abstract
The object of research reported in this work is the fluctuations of the discharge current in Hall thrusters. The presence of significant fluctuations in the discharge current in Hall thrusters causes a significant deterioration of the thruster parameters – thrust, specific impulse, and efficiency. The task addressed in the current work relates to determining the main factors that affect the conditions for the occurrence of discharge current fluctuations, finding ways to reduce them, and obtaining optimal values of the parameters of the Hall thruster. The review of literary sources revealed that the specified problem is typical and has not yet been solved. In order to solve this problem, studies of the ST-40M Hall thruster were carried out in order to determine the main factors that have the greatest influence on the occurrence of oscillations and means of reducing the oscillations of the discharge current. The result of the research determined that the fluctuations of the discharge current depend most significantly on the parameters of the magnetic field in the acceleration channel of the thruster. The parameters of the magnetic field are determined by the magnitude of the currents of the thruster electromagnet coils, and the nature of oscillations, amplitude, and frequency may differ significantly with a slight change in the coil currents. As a result of the study, it was found that for the values of the currents of the coils of the magnetic system of the thruster, for which the level of fluctuations of the discharge current is minimal, the average value of the discharge current of the thruster also takes a minimum value. The research made it possible to determine the optimal operating modes of the Hall thruster, which ensure, at a given level of specific power, the maximum values of thrust, specific impulse, and thruster efficiency. The conclusions from the study could be useful for most developers of electric propulsion systems based on Hall thrusters
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