Abstract
In this paper the latest evidence for the existence of a cosmic ether obtained using modern technology is reviewed. The synchronized clocks of the GPS are applied in the search for ether drift by direct measurement of light travel times in the East-West direction. This method reveals that light travels faster West than East and therefore indicates the existence of an Earth-bound ether which we identify as the Earth-centered Inertial (ECI) frame for light transmission. The GPS clocks are then applied in the search for ether drift by direct measurement of light travel times in a modified Michelson-Morley experiment. The East-West light speed difference enables the unambiguous detection of ether drift and the direct confirmation of the existence of a preferred frame. The range equation of the GPS that operates in the Earth-centered inertial (ECI) frame is employed to demonstrate ether drift for rotational motion and Time Transfer technology involving a geo-stationary GPS satellite provides further confirmation of ether drift resulting from the rotating Earth. Finally, using a model applicable in the sun-centered inertial (SCI) frame with Coordinated Universal Time, light speed variation arising from the Earth's orbital motion for light reflected from planets and spacecraft and received at the surface of the Earth is demonstrated. The evidence then is that modern technology has detected ether drift for rotational and orbital motion from the frame of the moving Earth.
Highlights
In this paper the latest evidence for the existence of a cosmic ether obtained using modern technology is reviewed
The four techniques utilizing the Global Positioning System (GPS) discussed in this paper all detect ether drift associated with an Earth-bound ether or Earth-centered Inertial (ECI) frame arising from the Earth's rotation as evidenced by light speed changes c ± v for light travelling in the east-west direction
Ether drift arising from the rotational and orbital motions of the Earth has been detected using a range of modern tests involving the GPS which were discussed in this paper
Summary
We first review several tests using the GPS that detect ether drift resulting from the rotational motion of the Earth. This is exactly the motion that the Michelson-Gale experiment successfully detected in 1925 and which we argue revealed an Earth-bound ether that corresponds to the modern ECI frame. The availability of synchronized clocks in the GPS means that they can be used to determine the one-way speed of light by timing the transmission of a light signal travelling between two fixed points on the surface of the Earth. (If necessary the distance between the clocks can be kept short in order to approximate an inertial frame and thereby negate any objections regarding the curvature of the Earth's surface and the associated non-inertial effects which are never raised in Michelson-Morley type experiments!) Consider a clock A located a distance l away from another clock B at the same latitude as shown in figure 1, clock B being East of clock A and both fixed on the surface of the Earth. (If necessary the distance between the clocks can be kept short in order to approximate an inertial frame and thereby negate any objections regarding the curvature of the Earth's surface and the associated non-inertial effects which are never raised in Michelson-Morley type experiments!)
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