Detection of supernova neutrinos at spallation neutron sources**Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11205185, 11175020, 11275025, 11575023)

Ming-Yang Huang,Xin-Heng Guo,Bing-Lin Young

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/40/7/073102

Abstract

After considering supernova shock effects, Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein effects, neutrino collective effects, and Earth matter effects, the detection of supernova neutrinos at the China Spallation Neutron Source is studied and the expected numbers of different flavor supernova neutrinos observed through various reaction channels are calculated with the neutrino energy spectra described by the Fermi-Dirac distribution and the “beta fit” distribution respectively. Furthermore, the numerical calculation method of supernova neutrino detection on Earth is applied to some other spallation neutron sources, and the total expected numbers of supernova neutrinos observed through different reactions channels are given.

Highlights

Supernovas (SNs) are extremely powerful explosions in the universe which terminate the life of some stars
(vi) Until the completion of the design of neutrino detector at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), the detector efficiency will be given and more accurate event number ranges of SN neutrinos can be gained
The event number ranges of different flavor SN neutrinos observed through various reaction channels at CSNS: the inverse beta decay, the neutrino-electron reactions and the neutrinocarbon reactions, were calculated with the neutrino energy spectra described by the Fermi-Dirac distribution and “beta fit” distribution respectively

Summary

Introduction

Supernovas (SNs) are extremely powerful explosions in the universe which terminate the life of some stars. China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) [7] is a high power accelerator based facility. It consists of an 80 MeV proton linac, a 1.6 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), a solid tungsten target station, and instruments for spallation neutron applications [8]. By using the accelerator neutrino detector at spallation neutron sources, different flavor neutrinos from a SN explosion can be detected, and can be served as a SN Early Warning System [27]

SN neutrino detection at CSNS

SN neutrino detection at other spallation neutron sources

Summary and discussion