Abstract
Abstract Background Acute diarrhea is the second most common cause of child deaths worldwide. We investigated Salmonella species (spp.), Campylobacter spp., Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Shigella spp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) in stool samples of 741 pediatric patients with acute diarrheal illness. Methods Between January 2017 and October 2017, 741 stool specimens were tested by the BD Max Enteric Bacterial Panel (EBP) assay and conventional culture. Results Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 were detected in 10 (1.3%), 20 (2.7%) and two (0.3%) stool specimens by culture, respectively. Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Shiga toxin and Shigella/EIEC were detected in 46 (6.2%), 37 (5.0%), 20 (2.7%) and three (0.4%) stool specimens by the BD Max EBP assay, respectively. The percentage of detected pathogens was 4.3% (32/741) by culture. Use of the BD Max EBP assay identified an additional 112 pathogens, thereby increasing the frequency to 15.1% (112/741). Empirically, 58 patients received antibiotics and 43 patients underwent probiotic and/or symptomatic therapy. Conclusions We concluded that nucleic acid amplification testing markedly improves the detection rates of bacterial stool pathogens and offers rapid results.
Highlights
Diarrheal diseases are the fourth largest disease burden worldwide, accounting for 5% of the total disease burden in children globally [1]
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Shigella spp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) in pediatric patients with acute diarrheal illness using both conventional culture methods and BD Max Enteric Bacterial Panel (EBP) assay (Becton Dickinson Diagnostics, Baltimore, MD, USA)
Between January and October 2017, 741 stool specimens were tested by the BD Max EBP assay and conventional culture
Summary
Diarrheal diseases are the fourth largest disease burden worldwide, accounting for 5% of the total disease burden in children globally [1] It is the second most common cause of childhood deaths worldwide and kills around 500,000 children under 5 years every year [2]. Viruses are the main cause of diarrhea, the most common bacterial causes are Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). We investigated Salmonella species (spp.), Campylobacter spp., Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Shigella spp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) in stool samples of 741 pediatric patients with acute diarrheal illness. Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Shiga toxin and Shigella/ EIEC were detected in 46 (6.2%), 37 (5.0%), 20 (2.7%) and three (0.4%) stool specimens by the BD Max EBP assay, respectively. Use of the BD Max EBP assay identified an additional 112 pathogens, thereby increasing
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