Abstract
In this study, a sensitive fluorescence sensor was developed for the detection of small, fluorescence-labeled particles dispersed in a solution. The prototype system comprises of a laser confocal optical system and a mechanical sample stage to detect photon bursting of fluorescence-labeled small particles in sample volumes less than 5 μL within 3 minutes. To examine the feasibility of the prototype system as a diagnostic tool, assemblages of rotavirus and fluorescence-labeled antibody were analyzed. The detection sensitivity for rotavirus was 1 × 104 pfu/mL. Rotavirus in stool samples from patients with acute gastroenteritis was also detected. The advantages and disadvantages of this immunosensor with respect to ELISA and RT-PCR, the current gold standards for virus detection, are discussed.
Highlights
Acute gastroenteritis is the principal cause of infant mortality worldwide with more than 1.8 million deaths per year in children of less than 5 years of age
We report the design and development of a compact immunosensor based on the photon burst counting method, which enables the detection of fluorescence signals derived from assemblages of rotavirus and fluorescence-labeled anti-VP6 antibody
We examined 183 stool specimens consisting of 120 rotavirus-positive samples and 63 negative samples
Summary
Acute gastroenteritis is the principal cause of infant mortality worldwide with more than 1.8 million deaths per year in children of less than 5 years of age. Rotavirus is the most common pathogen found in acute gastroenteritis patients [1]. Rotavirus infection is an manageable disease in developed countries, but not in developing countries [2]. New rotavirus infections in adults are usually mild or even asymptomatic, usually because they have been previously exposed to the virus [3,4]. Initial rotavirus infection in infants and young children can cause severe symptoms, sometimes resulting in death [5]. The cardinal symptoms of rotavirus infection are watery diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain. Additional complications may include spasms, hepatic dysfunction, acute renal failure, encephalopathy, and myocarditis
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