Abstract
Objective:to detect the risk of development of type 2 diabetes in nurses and its relationship with metabolic alterations.Method:cross-sectional study, with 155 nurses. The variables investigated were: sociodemographic, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip index, lipid profile, basal glycemia and oral glucose tolerance curve. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score was used to collect data.Results:155 nurses were included, with an average age of 44 years and 85% were overweight or obese. 52% had a family history of diabetes and 21% had occasional hyperglycemia. With respect to the risk, 59% were identified with moderate and very high risk for type 2 diabetes. Glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and insulin resistance increased in parallel to the increased risk for type 2 diabetes, although lipids did not increase. 27% of the sample had impaired fasting glycemia. 15% had glucose intolerance and 5% had type 2 diabetes.Conclusion:there was a high detection rate of people at risk for type 2 diabetes (59%) and the high and very high risk score was associated with high levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance, but not with lipids.
Highlights
The early detection of diabetes and its risk factors can affect the appearance of its complications, which affect the quality of life of people and the costs of medical care
155 nurses were evaluated, with an average age of 44 years (±8.45), average length of service of 21 years (±9.08); 60% (n=94) of the participants cared for severe patients, and of these, 59% (n=55) worked in the morning shift. 42% had a university degree. 85% of participants were overweight or obese, and the average waist size was 88 cm (±11.83). 52% had a family history of diabetes; 21% had high blood glucose detected at some time, and 14% had a diagnosis of high blood pressure and/or treatment
The oral glucose tolerance curve (OGTC) test was performed in 88 cases and alterations were found in 20%; 15% had glucose intolerance and 5% had Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Summary
Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a worldwide epidemic that threatens life expectancy and quality of life and increases cases of death and disability[1]. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming one of the most prevalent diseases in the 21st century and is a global public health challenge[2]. Some of the risk factors for developing T2DM are genetic and environmental. In this regard, there are cohort studies that show the importance of nutrition and lifestyle in the development of diabetes in health professionals and nurses, and over 90% of cases were potentially preventable[5]. There is a slight increase in this prevalence in relation to previous years, health surveillance and prevention of complications are very far from being achieved. The early detection of diabetes and its risk factors can affect the appearance of its complications, which affect the quality of life of people and the costs of medical care. A quick, simple and self-applicable tool is the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire, which is used to assess the risk of developing diabetes in the following 10 years[8]
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