Abstract
Background: Recently faster cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) cine sequences basing on k-t compressed sensing have been developed. Purpose: To compare two compressed sensing CMR sequences-one in breath-hold technique and one during free breathing—with the standard SSFP sequence with respect to regional left ventricular function assessment. Material and Methods: Left ventricular short-axis stacks of two compressed sensing sequences in breath-hold technique (sparse_HB) and during free breathing (sparse_FB; both spatial resolution, 1.8 × 1.8 × 8 mm3) and a standard SSFP cine sequence (spatial resolution, 1.9 × 1.9 × 8 mm3) were acquired in 50 patients on a 1.5 T MR system. Regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) were rated qualitatively (normal/hypo-/a-/dyskinesia) by two experienced readers in consensus for all cardiac segments (American Heart Association’s segment model) and sequences. RWMA detection rates were compared between sequences by kappa statistic. Results: In 13 patients, RWMA were detected in at least one cardiac segment. The RWMA detection rates were similar between CMR sequences (hypokinesia, 7.2% to 7.9%; akinesia, 0.8% to 1.3%; dyskinesia 0.3% to 0.4%) and kappa statistics revealed an almost perfect agreement in RWMA detection between both sparse and the standard SSFP sequence (standard versus sparse_HB: kappa, 0.918, p value, <0.001; standard versus sparse_FB: kappa, 0.868, p value, <0.001). Conclusion: Compressed sensing cine CMR acquired during breath-hold or free-breathing allows reliable RWMA detection, thus, might alternatively be used in cine CMR for regional left ventricular function assessment.
Highlights
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is an established imaging tool in the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected heart disease and plays an important role in risk stratification and non-invasive therapy monitoring [1] [2] [3]
Due to continuous technical progress in CMR sequence design, hopefully the time consuming acquisition of standard breath-hold steady-state free precession (SSFP) cine sequences might be replaced by faster alternatives, which allow either a significant reduction in breath-hold times or even image acquisition during free breathing, which would be extremely helpful in patients with limited breath-hold capability
In this study we could demonstrate for the first time that our compressed sensing CMR sequence acquired in breath-hold technique, and our compressed sensing CMR sequence during free breathing allowed reliable regional left ventricular function assessment
Summary
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is an established imaging tool in the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected heart disease and plays an important role in risk stratification (e.g. in coronary artery disease or myocarditis) and non-invasive therapy monitoring [1] [2] [3]. Due to continuous technical progress in CMR sequence design, hopefully the time consuming acquisition of standard breath-hold steady-state free precession (SSFP) cine sequences might be replaced by faster alternatives, which allow either a significant reduction in breath-hold times or even image acquisition during free breathing, which would be extremely helpful in patients with limited breath-hold capability. In this context, the recently developed k-t compressed sensing sequence technique with parallel imaging and iterative reconstruction seems very promising [4] [5] [6] [7]. Conclusion: Compressed sensing cine CMR acquired during breath-hold or free-breathing allows reliable RWMA detection, might alternatively be used in cine CMR for regional left ventricular function assessment
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