Detection of Red Blood Cell Membrane Proteins in Myelodysplastic Syndromes Using Eosin-5-Maleimide (EMA) Staining by Flow Cytometry.

Navavee Uman,Phandee Watanaboonyongcharoen,Sirorat Kobbuaklee,Chantana Polprasert,Patsita Kansuwan

doi:10.3390/hematolrep14010003

Navavee Uman, Phandee Watanaboonyongcharoen + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/hematolrep14010003

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Abstract

Background: Eosin-5-Maleimide (EMA)-based flow cytometry binds to red blood cell (RBC) membrane-associated proteins which can be used to detect red blood cell (RBC) membrane disorders. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are stem cell disorders resulting in ineffective hematopoiesis which is commonly present with anemia and erythroid dysplasia. Objectives: We aimed to study RBC membrane defects in MDS using flow cytometry for EMA staining. Methods: We enrolled anemic patients who were diagnosed with low-risk MDS (R-IPSS score ≤ 3.5), RBC membrane disorders [hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO)], and normal controls. Complete blood count (CBC) and flow cytometry for EMA staining were performed. Results: There were 16 cases of low-risk MDS, 6 cases of RBC membrane disorders, and 15 control cases. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of EMA binding test in the RBC membrane disorders was significantly lower than controls (17.6 vs. 24.3, p < 0.001), but the EMA binding test in the low-risk MDS was not significantly different than the controls (26.5 vs. 24.3, p = 0.08). Conclusion: the RBC membrane defect in low-risk MDS was not demonstrated as having detection ability using EMA binding test with flow cytometry.

Highlights

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal bone marrow neoplasms with variable disease progression
We examined 16 cases of low-risk MDS presenting with anemia, 6 cases of red blood cell (RBC)
The EMA binding test using flow cytometry method is a useful tool in making a distudies recommended comparing EMA binding with age-matched samples [13]

Summary

Introduction

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal bone marrow neoplasms with variable disease progression. 50% of MDS patients present with anemia and a hemoglobin of less than 10 g/dL [1]. Anemia in low-risk MDS is mainly caused by ineffective hematopoiesis resulting in dysplastic morphology and excessive apoptosis of erythroblasts [2]. Abnormal of red cell membrane proteins in MDS should be explored. Eosin-5-Maleimide (EMA)-based flow cytometry binds to red blood cell (RBC). Membrane-associated proteins which can be used to detect red blood cell (RBC) membrane disorders. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are stem cell disorders resulting in ineffective hematopoiesis which is commonly present with anemia and erythroid dysplasia. RBC membrane defects in MDS using flow cytometry for EMA staining. Methods: We enrolled anemic patients who were diagnosed with low-risk MDS (R-IPSS score ≤ 3.5), RBC membrane disorders [hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO)], and normal controls. Complete blood count (CBC) and flow cytometry for EMA staining were performed

Objectives

Methods

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Conclusion