Abstract
Aim:We describe a laboratory investigation carried out to confirm the etiology of the heavy mortality (37 animals died out of total 44, i.e. 84%) in goats in Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya, Northeast region of India in December 2015. The clinical signs observed were abortion, diarrhea, high fever (up to 104°F), pox lesion in the skin, and respiratory distress.Materials and Methods:The samples comprising whole blood, sera, and pox lesion were collected from the animals (n=7) from an outbreak for the screening of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and poxviruses. The whole blood and sera were used for screening of PPR virus (PPRV) by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and antibody by competitive ELISA as well as detection of PPRV partial N gene by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The skin lesions were used for the detection of poxvirus by PCR.Results:The results showed the presence of PPR antigens (58-80%) in the samples by sandwich ELISA and antibody in all the sera samples ranging from 9% to 41% positivity in competitive ELISA. Four samples were positive for PPRV partial N gene. The skin lesion screened for poxvirus was also found to be positive for I3L gene of goatpox virus.Conclusion:We confirm the outbreak of disease in goats with high mortality is a case of mixed infection of PPR and goatpox detected for the first time in Northeast India.
Highlights
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) or goat plague is an acute or subacute viral disease of sheep and goat characterized by severe pyrexia, oculonasal discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, enteritis, and pneumonia [1]
The results showed the presence of PPR antigens (58-80%) in the samples by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and antibody in all the sera samples ranging from 9% to 41% positivity in competitive ELISA
We confirm the outbreak of disease in goats with high mortality is a case of mixed infection of PPR and goatpox detected for the first time in Northeast India
Summary
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) or goat plague is an acute or subacute viral disease of sheep and goat characterized by severe pyrexia, oculonasal discharges, necrotizing and erosive stomatitis, enteritis, and pneumonia [1]. It is caused by a morbillivirus of family Paramyxoviridae which is related to rinderpest, measles, and canine distemper. The disease causes high morbidity and mortality in susceptible sheep and goats. The world organization for animal health has identified PPR as a notifiable and economically important transboundary viral disease of sheep and goats associated with high
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