Detection of Penicillin‐binding Proteins in the Endosymbiont of the Trypanosomatid Crithidia deanei

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Growth by serial transfers of the trypanosomatid Crithidia deanei in culture medium containing 1 mg/ml of the β‐lactam antibiotics ampicillin or cephalexin resulted in shape distortion of its endosymbiont. The endosymbiont first appeared as filamentous structures with restricted areas of membrane damage. An increase of electron lucid areas was also observed in the endosymbiont matrix. The continuous treatment with β‐lactam antibiotics, resulted in endosymbiont membranes fragmentation; and later on the space previously occupied by the symbiont was identified as an electron lucid area in the host cytoplasm. The putative targets of β‐lactam antibiotic were two membrane‐bound penicillin‐binding proteins (PBPs) detected in the Sarkosyl‐soluble fraction of purified symbionts labeled with [3H]‐benzylpenicillin. The apparent molecular weight of the proteins were 90 kDa (PBP1) and 45 kDa (PBP2). PBP2 represented 85% of the total PBP content in the membrane fraction of the endosymbionts. Competition experiments using the tested antibiotics and [3H]‐benzylpenicillin showed that ampicillin and cephalexin have half saturating concentrations considerably higher than [3H]‐benzylpenicillin and indicated that PBP1 is the probable lethal target of the antibiotics tested. These results suggest that a physiologically active PBP is present in the cell envelope of C. deanei endosymbionts and may play important roles in the control of processes such as cell division and shape determination.