Abstract
Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) and detection of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle from an organized dairy farm.Materials and Methods:A total of 121 animals (93 females and 28 males) of 1 year and above were studied for the prevalence of bovine TB using single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) test, bovine gamma-interferon (γ-IFN) enzyme immunoassay, and polymerase chain reactions (PCRs).Results:Out of total 121 animals, 17 (14.04%) animals were positive reactors to SICCT test while only one (0.82%) animal for γ-IFN assay. By PCR, Mycobacterium TB complex was detected in 19 (15.70%) animals out of which 4 (3.30%) animal were also positive for M. bovis.Conclusions:Diagnosis of bovine TB can be done in early stage in live animals with multiple approaches like skin test followed by a molecular technique like PCR which showed promising results.
Highlights
Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an important infectious disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium TB complex (MTC)
Of 121 animals tested by single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) test, 17 (14.04%, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 8.14-20.66) animals were positive reactors, 27 (22.31%, 95% CI = 14.8829.72) were inconclusive while 77 (63.63%, 95% CI = 55.06-72.2) were negative reactors
Diagnosis of bovine TB in live animals is primarily based on the detection of specific cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses [12,13] which occur as early as 3 weeks post Mycobacterium infection in cattle [14]
Summary
Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is an important infectious disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium TB complex (MTC). Other members of MTC include MTB, M. bovis, Mycobacterium microti, Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium canettii, Mycobacterium caprae, Mycobacterium suricattae, etc. Besides cattle, it affects other domestic animals, wildlife, and humans with worldwide annual losses to agriculture of $3 billion [1,2,3]. It is estimated that 300,000 people die from TB each year in India [4] This zoonotic disease continues to have considerable economic and public health implications. Since both the species of Mycobacterium (MTB and M. bovis) pose a threat to health of animals and thereby capable of infecting humans and viz. Since both the species of Mycobacterium (MTB and M. bovis) pose a threat to health of animals and thereby capable of infecting humans and viz. (reverse zoonosis), detection of the bacteria in the early stage is needed
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