Detection of Muscle Tension Dysphonia Using Eulerian Video Magnification: A Pilot Study

Abstract

To determine whether Eulerian Video Magnification software is useful in diagnosis of muscle tension dysphonia (MTD). Prospective. Adult patients scheduled in a tertiary care laryngology practice for evaluation of dysphonia were recruited between November 2016 and March 2017. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from patient charts. Diagnosis of MTD was confirmed with videostroboscopic and physical exam and by a speech-language pathologist. Eighteen MTD patients were video recorded while at rest and with phonation. Five patients without MTD also were analyzed as controls. Videos were analyzed using Eulerian Video Magnification software (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) to assess change in blood flow at the forehead, infrahyoid muscles, and sternocleidomastoid muscles, while using the values of the background wall as a control value. Patients with MTD demonstrated little change in perfusion to the infrahyoid muscles of the neck while phonating (+1% ± 55%). Control subjects demonstrated an increase in perfusion to the infrahyoid muscles while phonating (+102% ± 164%), with this change being significant when comparing the two groups (P = 0.04, t = 2.189, df = 21). A change in perfusion of 0% or less to infrahyoid muscles was 75% sensitive and 70% specific for diagnosis of MTD. No differences in perfusion were found between other regions assessed. Patient age and gender did not correlate with any change in perfusion between rest and phonation. Our data suggest that Eulerian Video Magnification can be used in the diagnosis of MTD by focusing on the difference in perfusion to the infrahyoid muscles between rest and phonation.