Abstract
Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is deemed as one of the main pathogens in human and animals. S. aureus can produce various toxins that usually implicated in food poisoning. S. aureus could possess the mecA gene, which is the principle cause of β-lactam antibiotics resistance, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Broiler’s meat is worthy food for humans, but it may expose to contamination with MRSA during the poultry processes in the slaughterhouse. The current study aimed to assessment the spread of S. aureus and MRSA in the broiler carcasses via detection the nuc and mecA gene and their resistance to different antibiotics. Fifty skin swabs were taken from the broilers carcasses, during their processing in poultry slaughterhouses that scattered in various districts in the Nineveh Governorate during the period between January to April 2020. The results showed that S. aureus was recovered in broiler’s skin swabs at a percentage of 66% (33/50) which confirmed by nuc gene, while MRSA isolates constitute 40% (20/50) of all S. aureus isolates, and distinguished as MRSA by their possessing mecA gene. All MRSA isolates were resistant to Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Methicillin, and Ampicillin/Cloxacillin antibiotics. The present study stressed on the reduction as much as any possible source of broiler carcasses contamination with S. aureus including MRSA during and post poultry processing, through applying high levels of hygienic conditions in all poultry processing premises to attain high standards of sustainability and public health standards.
Highlights
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive organism which is responsible for many different human and animal diseases
The results showed that S. aureus was recovered in broiler’s skin swabs at a percentage of 66% (33/50) which confirmed by nuc gene, while methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates constitute 40% (20/50) of all S. aureus isolates, and distinguished as MRSA by their possessing mecA gene
S. aureus possesses many of genes which can be able to produce various exotoxins such as staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) that belong to the superantigen family which causes the food poisoning for human [4]
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive organism which is responsible for many different human and animal diseases. S. aureus is considered as a major cause of mastitis in dairy herds, exudative dermatitis in pig, and arthritis and osteomyelitis in poultry [1,2]. On another hand, S. aureus is regarded as a dangerous bacterium for humans, since it causes many different diseases such as postoperative wound infections, pneumonia, nosocomial bacteremia and food poisoning due to its possessing different types of virulence factors [3]. S. aureus has been able to adapt rapidly to some types of antibiotics which led to the production of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) [5]. In the United Kingdom, MRSA has been discovered in 1961
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