Detection of lymph node micrometastasis for patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its prognostic significance

Abstract

To observe the expression of antibodies of cytokeratin 19 and 20 in lymph node micrometastasis in patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC), evaluate the prognostic significance of lymph node (LN) micrometastasis and study the correlation between lymph node micrometastasis and clinicopathological features, CA19-9 and CEA. A total of 279 lymph nodes was intra-operatively collected from 59 EHCC patients and routine histological examination performed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on all samples by the murine antibodies of anti-CK19 and anti-CK20 respectively. Then the micrometastasis was identified microscopically according to the color of cells. The results were analyzed according to clinical, pathological and follow-up data. And the relation of micrometastasis with clinical pathological factors and its impact upon survival rate were analyzed. Among 59 EHCC patients, 14 (23.72%) LN metastasis were found with HE staining and 21 micrometastases with CK staining. The incidence of nodal involvement in 59 EHCC patients increased from 5.37% (15/279) by HE staining to 13.98% (39/279) by CK staining. Among 45 patients not positive for LN metastases with HE staining, CK staining was positive in 7 patients and the incidence of micrometastasis was 15.56%. The preoperative serum CA19-9 levels in patients with LN micrometastasis was higher than that those without LN metastasis (P < 0.05). And there was a positive correlation between occult nodal micrometastasis and serum concentrations of CA19-9 (r(s) = 0.371, P < 0.05). The histological type and lymphatic vessel infiltration of tumor were the most importance factors for LN micrometastasis through Logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05). The CK immunohistochemical staining can detect the micrometastases in HE negative LN. And LN micrometastasis can more accurately predict the prognosis of EHCC patients.