DETECTION OF <i>ESCHERICHIA COLI</i> WITH BETA-LACTAMASE PRODUCTION AND PROBLEMS OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN POULTRY FARMING

Abstract

In recent years, Escherichia coli producing beta-lactamases isolated from poultry have been more common. These enzymes promote the cleavage and modification of the molecule of beta-lactam antibacterial agents, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, etc. Enzymatic inactivation of the antibiotic leads to clinical inefficiency in animal therapy, which leads to economic losses in agriculture. The aim of the research is to study bacteria E. coli producing beta-lactamases and the problem of antibiotic therapy in poultry farming. The proposed distribution of antimicrobial drugs (AMPs) should be used in the work of veterinary laboratories. This would allow dividing AMPs into groups, taking into account the priority of the antibiotic, the natural resistance of microbes, the pathways of transmission of resistance genes for the rational use of drugs. Rational ranking is important for maintaining the biological safety of the country, including counteracting the formation of multidrug-resistant pathogens of bacterial poultry diseases. It was determined that the microorganism E . coli isolated from poultry is characterized by resistance to different classes of antimicrobial drugs: sulfonamides, the 1st generation cephalosporins, the 2nd generation and 3rd generation, penicillins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones. The presence of extended spectrum betalactamase production was established as a result of the tests carried out with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in combination with cephalosporins of the III-IV generation. The isolated microorganism is sensitive to the following antibacterial drugs: ceftazidime (3rd generation cephalosporin) and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. After analyzing the obtained data, it was found that the microorganism E. coli is resistant to most antimicrobial drugs. There is a need of creating a group of AMP reserve in veterinary medicine and its use in the case of resistance of the microorganism to AMP 1 and 2 groups of choice. The fight against pathogens of bacterial infections of poultry and antiepizootic actions require a revision of the algorithms, and should include measures to prevent the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes of microorganisms.