Abstract
We report the detection of high-frequency pulsations in WR 135 from short-cadence (10 minute) optical photometric and spectroscopic time series surveys. The harmonics up to the sixth order are detected from the integrated photometric flux variations, while the comparatively weaker eighth harmonic is detected from the strengths of the emission lines. We investigate the driving source of the stratified winds of WR 135 using the radiative transfer modeling code, CMFGEN, and find the physical conditions that can explain the propagation of such pulsations. From our study, we find that the optically thick subsonic layers of the atmosphere are close to the Eddington limit and are launched by the Fe opacity. The outer optically thin supersonic winds (τ ross = 0.1–0.01) are launched by the He II and C iv opacities. The stratified winds above the sonic point undergo velocity perturbation that can lead to clumps. In the optically thin supersonic winds, dense clumps of smaller size (f VFF = 0.27–0.3, where f VFF is the volume filling factor) pulsate with higher-order harmonics. The larger clumps ( f VFF = 0.2) oscillate with lower-order harmonics of the pulsation and affect the overall wind variability.
Published Version
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