Abstract
A combination of finite element method simulations and experiments using a non-contact ultrasonic scanning system were used to study the near-field interactions of ultrasonic waves incident on surface-breaking defects in both flat sheets and pipes. Enhancements in the frequency content of Lamb waves in sheets arising from interactions between incident waves and waves reflected from defects propagating into the sheet from the opposite side to that on which the inspection was performed were studied, and used to position the defects and estimate their severity. Similar enhancements were shown to arise in the near-field of defects in pipes, for defects that propagate from both the internal and external pipe surfaces. Enhancements of the ultrasonic waves were shown to be capable of positioning defects in pipes and estimating their severity.
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