Abstract
Hemiplegia is a symptom that is caused by reduced sensory and motor ability on one side of the body due to stroke-related neural defects. Muscular weakness and abnormal sensation that is induced by hemiplegia usually lead to motor impairments, such as difficulty in controlling the trunk, unstable balance, and poor walking ability. Therefore, most hemiplegia patients show defective and asymmetric gait pattern. The purpose of this study is to distinguish hemiplegic gait by extracting simple characteristics of acceleration signals that are caused by asymmetry during walking using a wearable system. The devised wearable system was equipped with a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope. We selected 165 candidate features without step detection. A random forest algorithm was used for the classification, and the forward search algorithm was also used for optimal feature selection. The developed system and algorithms were verified clinically in 15 normal subjects and 20 hemiplegia patients that were undergoing stroke treatment, and 26 subject’s data was used for training, including validation, and nine subject’s data used for test. As a result of test set, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value were 100.0%, with the two classification attributes of standard deviation of points perpendicular to the axis of line of identity of Poincaré plot of angular velocity around vertical axis and kurtosis of frequency of angular velocity around longitudinal axis.
Highlights
Stroke is the general term for cerebrovascular disease that is caused by cerebral artery occlusion or cerebral hemorrhage
Patients with hemiplegia have a tendency to move the center of gravity rapidly to the non-paralyzed side [3], to increase the walking speed and cadence per unit time or decrease the stride length and gait cycle to compensate for motor dysfunction [4]
The signal that was acquired by the wearable system includes both the signal in the standby that was by thestate
Summary
Stroke is the general term for cerebrovascular disease that is caused by cerebral artery occlusion or cerebral hemorrhage. Hemiplegia is a symptom that is caused by decreased sensory and motor ability on one side of the body due to stroke-related neurological defect. Patients with hemiplegia have a tendency to move the center of gravity rapidly to the non-paralyzed side [3], to increase the walking speed and cadence per unit time or decrease the stride length and gait cycle to compensate for motor dysfunction [4]. There are three major differences in the hemiplegic gait when compared with the gait cycle of normal persons [5]. The duration of the stance phase is increased in both the paralyzed and non-paralyzed sides as compared with the normal gait. The stance is more in the whole gait cycle than in the normal gait. In the case of hemiplegic walking, the stance on the paralyzed
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