Abstract
Despite the controversy over GM food and feed, these products are still on the market. Iraqi Biosafety Law had not yet come into force and no law has so far been enacted on the labeling of genetically modified food and feed. To our knowledge there is no available quantitative data on the prevalence of GM crops in feeds in Iraq. The aim of the present study was to detect the presence of GMO feeds by PCR based method. Five fodder kinds from various markets in Iraq were chosen as materials. Feed1 (seed mixture; including safflower, flax, millet with colorful protein supplements), feed 2 which feed crushed, feed 3 (seeds mixture; including wheat, corn, sorghum and sunflower), feed 4 which is grain mixture with main barley seeds and feed 5 which is a fodder pellet. The screening of all samples was performed using the primers for Chloroplast rbcL (internal control), CaMV35S promoter, NOS terminator, Cry1Ac and EPSPS genes. The study proved the existence of genetic modification in all samples. For confirmation procedures the amplified fragments corresponding to the EPSPS were verified by sequencing.
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