Abstract
There is a lack of information on the molecular characterization of Ocimum species and hence, efforts have been made under the present study to characterize 17 Ocimum genotypes belonging to 5 different species (O. basilicum, O. americanum, O. sanctum, O. gratissimum and O. Polystachyon) through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers generated a total of 506 loci, of which 490 (96.47 %) loci were found polymorphic. The PIC value for RAPD ranged from 0.907 (OPF 14) to 0.954 (OPC 11) with an average of 0.937. The ISSR primers generated a total of 238 loci, of them 234 (98.17 %) loci were polymorphic. The PIC value ranged from 0.892 (UBC 808) to 0.943 (ISSR A12) with an average of 0.923. The average Jaccard’s similarity coefficient based on RAPD and ISSR analysis was 0.58 and 0.52, respectively. Clustering pattern of dendrogram generated using the pooled RAPD and ISSR data showed all Ocimum genotypes in their respective species groups at a cutoff value of 0.49 and 0.42, respectively. Many unique species-specific alleles were amplified by RAPD and ISSR markers. In both marker systems, a maximum number of unique alleles were observed in O. sanctum. The results of the present investigation provided valid guidelines for collection, conservation and characterization of Ocimum genetic resources.
Highlights
Interest in the exploitation of medicinal and aromatic plants as pharmaceuticals, herbal remedies, flavorings, perfumes and cosmetics, and other natural products has greatly increased in the recent years (Anonymous 1994; Ayensu 1996)
There is a lack of information on the molecular characterization of Ocimum species and efforts have been made under the present study to characterize 17 Ocimum genotypes belonging to 5 different species
Many unique speciesspecific alleles were amplified by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers
Summary
Interest in the exploitation of medicinal and aromatic plants as pharmaceuticals, herbal remedies, flavorings, perfumes and cosmetics, and other natural products has greatly increased in the recent years (Anonymous 1994; Ayensu 1996). Ocimum like other medicinal plants are highly valued medicinal plant in the traditional Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicine for its range of therapeutic activities It belongs to the family Lamiaceae, which has close to 252 genera and 6,700 species (Mabberley 1997), most of which are used for medicinal purpose (Wren 1968) and find diverse uses in the indigenous system of medicine in many countries like Africa, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Burma, India, Malaya, Pacific Islands and Sri Lanka (Pushpangadan and Sobti 1977; Balyan and Pushpangadan 1988).
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