Abstract
Our team has pioneered an explosives detection technique based on hyperspectral imaging of surfaces. Briefly, differential reflectometry (DR) shines ultraviolet (UV) and blue light on two close-by areas on a surface (for example, a piece of luggage on a moving conveyer belt). Upon reflection, the light is collected with a spectrometer combined with a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. A computer processes the data and produces in turn differential reflection spectra taken from these two adjacent areas on the surface. This differential technique is highly sensitive and provides spectroscopic data of materials, particularly of explosives. As an example, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene displays strong and distinct features in differential reflectograms near 420 and 250 nm, that is, in the near-UV region. Similar, but distinctly different features are observed for other explosives. Finally, a custom algorithm classifies the collected spectral data and outputs an acoustic signal if a threat is detected. This paper presents the complete DR hyperspectral imager which we have designed and built from the hardware to the software, complete with an analysis of the device specifications.
Highlights
Introduction and Experimental ProcedureWe have developed over the last few years a device based on differential reflectometry (DR) which is capable of detecting explosive materials on surfaces such as luggage, parcels, shoes, garments, etc. from a distance.[1]
Ultraviolet (UV) and blue light are shone on a surface, for example, on a piece of luggage situated on a moving conveyer belt
The light is collected diffracted by a spectrometer and its intensity recorded with a charge coupled device (CCD) camera
Summary
We have developed over the last few years a device based on differential reflectometry (DR) which is capable of detecting explosive materials on surfaces such as luggage, parcels, shoes, garments, etc. from a distance.[1]. We have developed over the last few years a device based on differential reflectometry (DR) which is capable of detecting explosive materials on surfaces such as luggage, parcels, shoes, garments, etc. 2,4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) displays strong and distinct features in differential reflectograms near 420 nm, that is, at the edge of the UV and visible region of the light spectrum.[2] but distinctly different features are observed for other explosives, whereas nonexplosives display essentially no structure in the pertinent wavelength region (280 to 450 nm).[3] We have developed an improved hardware designed for the fast detection of explosives on surfaces such as luggage for airport security or parcels for air shipping. Our custom analysis software analyzes and classifies the signal which outputs an acoustic and visual indicator if traces of explosive are detected
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