Abstract

背景与目的表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)基因突变是决定表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI)疗效最重要的预测因子,对EGFR基因突变进行检测,对指导患者个体化治疗具有重要意义。EGFR基因突变检测方法有很多,每种方法各有优缺点,本研究拟采用扩增阻滞突变系统(amplification refractory mutation system, ARMS)技术与Taqman探针相结合的方法,建立一种能快速、敏感及特异检测非小细胞肺癌EGFR基因突变的方法。方法首先,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件在EGFR基因E746_A750和L858R处设计ARMS引物及Taqman水解探针。然后,以包含E746_A750缺失和L858R点突变的质粒为研究对象,进一步分析所建立方法的灵敏度、敏感性以及特异性。最后,用所建立的ARMS-Taqman法检测100例非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)临床标本。结果在无背景DNA干扰的情况下,ARMS-Taqman法检测灵敏度可达10 copies。对于检测敏感性,在500 copies/μL野生型基因背景下,其敏感性达1%;在5, 000 copies/μl野生型基因背景下,其敏感性高达0.1%-0.5%。对于检测特异性,以正常人白细胞DNA为研究对象,21 L858R突变存在一定程度的非特异性扩增,但其最小ΔCt高达14.89,而19 Del未见非特异性扩增。对100份临床标本进行检测,19 Del 21例,21 L858R 18例,总突变率为39.0%。结论我们所构建的ARMS-Taqman法是一种快速、简便以及具有较高灵敏度和特异性的EGFR基因突变检测方法,值得在临床上进一步推广和验证。

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