Detection of depression in women of child-bearing age in non-western cultures: A comparison of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 in Mongolia

Abstract

Background This study assesses, for the first time, the validity and internal reliability of the Edinburgh Post Natal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20-item version (SRQ-20) in detecting depression in Mongolian women of reproductive age. Methods 100 women age recruited from two psychiatric units specialising in depression ( n = 55) and three community-based child immunisation clinics ( n = 45) in Ulaanbataar, Mongolia, were formally psychiatrically assessed by a clinician and by administering the revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). Each woman also completed the EPDS and SRQ-20. Results Ninety four women provided complete data and identical optimal cut-off points for both the EPDS (11.5) and SRQ-20 (8.5) were determined against both the psychiatrist's and CIS-R based diagnosis using standard validation parameters. On all parameters the SRQ-20 performed better than the EPDS. The sensitivity of the SRQ-20 in detecting depression was 93% and the specificity 97% against the psychiatrist's diagnosis. Internal reliability was satisfactory. Limitations The use of a mixed clinical and community sample for validation, and a single psychiatrist may limit the generalisability of these results. Conclusions The SRQ-20 performed well and better than the EPDS in detecting depression in this group of Mongolian women.