Detection of cyclooxygenase -2 gene polymorphism among Sudanese women with recurrent spontaneous abortion in Khartoum state, Sudan in 2021

Abstract

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion is a health issue that occurs in about 1 — 5% of all women of reproductive age. Experimental evidence suggests that COX-2 plays an important part in blastocyst implantation but rarely is the role of COX-2 recognized in recurrent spontaneous abortions. Methods: This is a descriptive analytical case-control hospital study that was carried out at the Research Laboratory of the National Center for Neuroscience in Khartoum, Sudan from April to September 2021. The study intended to detect cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphism among Sudanese women with RSA. Women with more than three recurrent miscarriages were included in this study as the sample cases and women with no history of abortion at child-bearing age were included as the controls. From each of the subjects, three ml of venous blood was gathered in sterile containers with Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetic Acid (EDTA). The DNA was isolated using the standard phenol chloroform extraction method. The COX-2 gene was amplified using conventional PCR. The products of the PCR were sent to the Macro Gene Laboratory for sequencing. Results: In the current research, 230 bp of C0X-2 gene was disclosed using gel electrophoresis after PCR. The results for the detected gene from all subjects were analyzed. The X2-test showed that there were significant differences in the gene expression and distribution between the case and control groups (p value 0.001). The sequence results analysis showed that there was a change in C>A at Location 1:633149 (Rs1481253765) and a change in G> T cDNA position 427 at Location 1:633183 (Rs1232472838). Conclusion: This study showed that there was a consequential difference in the COX-2 allele between the case and control groups. The mutant gene is a potential new clarification point regarding recurrent spontaneous abortion in several cases.