Abstract
A liquid-to-air membrane energy exchanger (LAMEE) is a new development for air-conditioning that facilitates the exchange of heat and moisture between air and liquid streams, through a semi-permeable membrane. However, fouling may occur in the membrane and severely lower the performance of a LAMEE.The primary aim of this study is to develop a test facility and use non-invasive methods to detect crystallization fouling in membranes. The fouling detection methods, which consist of an uncertainty analysis and a statistical test, are applied to confirm or reject the occurrence of fouling in a LAMEE for several tests in which MgCl2(aq) desiccant solution is dehydrated for approximately 12 h.The results indicate that crystallization fouling can be detected in a LAMEE with the methods presented. Crystallization fouling was found to reduce the rate of moisture transfer through the membrane by up to 60%. Furthermore, a major contribution of this paper is that reducing the rate of moisture transfer through a membrane can delay crystallization fouling in a LAMEE.
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