Detection of COVID-19 using Wavelet Transform, Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models

Abstract

Since December 2019, the world is fighting against the newly found virus named COVID-19 whose symptoms are closer to pneumonia. Being highly contagious, it has spread all over the world, and hence the World Health Organization has declared this as a global pandemic. Some patients infected with this virus have severe symptoms which are fatal. Hence the early discovery of COVID-19 infected patients is necessary to avoid further community spread. The available tests such as RTPCR and Rapid Antigen Tests are not 100% accurate and do not give quick results either. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to explore identification methodologies that are quick, accurate, and easily scalable. This work intends to do so using different machine learning and deep learning models. First, the step involves feature extraction using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and classification with LightGBM classifier which gives an accuracy of 92.78%. This is then further improved to 95.79% using wavelets. Further, the CNN architectures with max-pooling and DWT layers are compared and it's found that CNN architecture with max-pooling layer gives better accuracy of 95.72%. Thus, this work presents a comparative analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms and CNN architectures for better accuracy and time.