Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) refers to the inadequate blood filling function of the ventricular pump and it may cause an insufficient heart discharge volume that fails to meet the needs of body metabolism. Heart rate variability (HRV) based on the RR interval is a proven effective predictor of CHF. Short-term HRV has been used widely in many healthcare applications to monitor patients’ health, especially in combination with mobile phones and smart watches. Inspired by the inception module from GoogLeNet, we combined long short-term memory (LSTM) and an Inception module for CHF detection. Five open-source databases were used for training and testing, and three RR segment length types (N = 500, 1000 and 2000) were used for the comparison with other studies. With blindfold validation, the proposed method achieved 99.22%, 98.85% and 98.92% accuracy using the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) CHF, normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and the Fantasia database (FD) databases and 82.51%, 86.68% and 87.55% accuracy using the NSR-RR and CHF-RR databases, with N = 500, 1000 and 2000 length RR interval segments, respectively. Our end-to-end system can help clinicians to detect CHF using short-term assessment of the heartbeat. It can be installed in healthcare applications to monitor the status of human heart.
Highlights
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome of various heart diseases at severe stages and is known as congestive heart failure (CHF)
The proposed method achieved 99.22%, 98.85% and 98.92% accuracy using the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) CHF, normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and the Fantasia database (FD) databases and 82.51%, 86.68% and 87.55% accuracy using the normal sinus rhythm RR interval database (NSR-RR) and CHF-RR
We proposed an end-to-end system based on deep learning for CHF detection via short-term RR interval, using five open-source databases containing all-class CHF data
Summary
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome of various heart diseases at severe stages and is known as congestive heart failure (CHF). It is caused by an inadequate blood filling function of the ventricular pump. A poor heart pump function can cause the heart’s discharge volume to be insufficient to meet the needs of the body’s metabolism. Heart failure is categorized into four levels by the New York Heart Association (NYHA). Patients at levels III and IV have significant symptoms [1]. More than 23 million patients are affected by heart failure, which makes it a major public health problem and huge economic burden [2]
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