Abstract
Cerebral hemorrhage, a difficult issue in clinical practice, is often detected and studied with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). However, these expensive devices are not readily available in economically underdeveloped regions, and hence are unable to provide bedside and emergency on-site monitoring. The magnetic inductive phase shift (MIPS) is an emerging technology that may become a new tool to detect cerebral hemorrhage and to serve as an inexpensive partial substitute to medical imaging. In order to study a wider band of cerebral hemorrhage MIPS and to provide more useful information for measuring cerebral hemorrhage, we established a cerebral hemorrhage magnetic induction phase shift spectroscopy (MIPSS) detection system. Thirteen rabbits with five cerebral hemorrhage states were studied using a single coil-coil within a 1 MHz-200 MHz frequency range in linear sweep. A feature band (FB) with the highest detection sensitivity and the greatest stability was selected for further analysis and processing. In addition, a maximum conductivity cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) MRI was performed to verify and interpret the MIPSS result. The average phase shift change induced by a 3 ml injection of autologous blood under FB was -7.7503° ± 1.4204°, which was considerably larger than our previous work. Data analysis with a non-parametric statistical Friedman M test showed that in the FB, MIPSS could distinguish the five states of cerebral hemorrhage in rabbits, with a statistical significance of p<0.05. A B-F distribution profile was designed according to the MIPSS under FB that can provide instantaneous diagnostic information about the cerebral hemorrhage severity from a single set of measurements. The results illustrate that the MIPSS detection method is able to provide a new possibility for real-time monitoring and diagnosis of the severity of cerebral hemorrhage.
Highlights
Cerebral hemorrhage is the second-largest cause of strokes, accounting for 10 to 15 percent of all stroke patients [1]
The results showed that the magnetic induction phase shift spectroscopy (MIPSS) of cerebral hemorrhage under feature band (FB) has high detection sensitivity, providing the condition for subsequent data processing
A rabbit model of cerebral hemorrhage was studied within 1MHz- 200MHz, and the optimal feature band was selected for analysis
Summary
Cerebral hemorrhage is the second-largest cause of strokes, accounting for 10 to 15 percent of all stroke patients [1]. It is accompanied by high incidence, high morbidity, high mortality and heavy economic burden. Van et al reported that the overall incidence of cerebral hemorrhage was 24.6 per 100,000 from 1980 to 2008, and that the incidence increases with age [2]. Nerve injury, caused by hematoma proliferation, is mainly associated with hematoma-induced physical injury at 0–4 h after cerebral hemorrhage [3]. Real-time monitoring and assessment of the severity and developmental course of cerebral hemorrhage is a key to its treatment
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