Abstract
From three commercial Friesian-Holstein dairy herds located in three different provinces of Egypt El-Fayoum, EL-Ismailia and EL-Beheira adopted a number of different vaccination strategies, a total of 183 individual blood samples, individual pooled milk samples collected on the same occasion from the same animal and 23 Bulk Tank Milk (BTM) samples were tested and evaluated for about a year to monitor the immune status of vaccinated cattle against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) viruses. All samples were subjected to gB monoclonal Antibody Test Kit (IBRgB test kit IDEXX Laboratories), indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for the detection of specific antibodies against (Abu Hammad strain) of BHV1and (Iman strain) of BVD Virus. For investigation and evaluation of vaccination program against BHV1 and BVD viruses, results revealed a high significant correlation and regression coefficient obtained between individual serum and milk titers. Individual milk and BTM samples permit an adequate determination of immune status of the herd for large scale epizotiological studies indicating if Herd Protection level (HPL) is sufficient or not. Both Pneumo 3 (Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research-Cairo-Egypt) and Cattle Master 4 (Pfizer) vaccines were found to be highly effective in producing immune response against BHV1 and BVD viruses. High regression, correlation coefficient and F test significance between IBRgB blocking ELISA and BHV1 indirect ELISA in serum and milk samples were recognized.
Highlights
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a highly contagious infectious disease that is caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1)
From three commercial Friesian-Holstein dairy herds located in three different provinces of Egypt "El-Fayoum, EL-Ismailia and EL-Beheira" adopted a number of different vaccination strategies, a total of 183 individual blood samples, individual pooled milk samples collected on the same occasion from the same animal and 23 Bulk Tank Milk (BTM) samples were tested and evaluated for about a year to monitor the immune status of vaccinated cattle against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) viruses
Antibody titers in the three herds against glycoprotein B of BHV-1 Virus using IBRgB test kit (IDEXX Laboratories), indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for the detection of specific antibodies against local vaccine strain (Abu Hammad strain) of BHV1, indirect ELISA test for the detection of specific antibodies directed against local vaccine strain (Iman strain) of BVD VIRUS were illustrated and compared in serum, individual milk and bulk tank milk samples
Summary
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a highly contagious infectious disease that is caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1). Milk antibody testing provides farmers and their veterinary surgeons with a potentially very useful and inexpensive method of initiating disease investigations and monitoring the presence of common endemic infections in the herd. ELISA for antibody detection is a fast inexpensive and simple method for screening large number of test samples; using this technique on pooled samples (e.g. bulk tank milk samples), the conditions for a low-cost monitoring program are satisfied Nylin et al (2000). 1- Investigate and evaluate the vaccination program in some dairy farms by identifying antibody responses against BHV1 and BVD viruses in individual milk and serum to monitor the immune status of vaccinated cattle. 2- Study the ability of using bulk tank milk to monitor and evaluate Herd Protection Level (HPL) against BHV1 and BVD virus diseases
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