Detection of Biofilm Producing Uropathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection is one the most common infection in clinical practice. Uropathogens have the ability to form biofilm in urinary tract, frequently within the indwelling catheter. Microorganism growing in a biofilm is associated with chronic and recurrent UTI and less sensitive to antimicrobial agent. So, the aim of the present study was to detect biofilm-producing uropathogenic bacteria by microtiter plate assay and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of biofilm- producing and biofilm non-producing organisms. Methods: This cross- sectional observational study was carried out in Microbiology Department, Chattogram Medical College, Bangladesh. Urine samples were collected from outpatient’s department and inpatients of different wards. Standard microbiological procedures and biochemical tests were carried out. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Biofilm production was detected by Microtiter plate method (MPM). Results: Out of 252 tested samples, 73(55.3%) organisms were isolated from non-catheterized urine and 74(61.66%) from catheterized urine samples. The most frequently isolated organism was Escherichia coli (60.27%, 50%) in both non- catheterized and catheterized patients followed by Klebsiella spp. (21.91%, 27.02%); Pseudomonas spp. (9.58%, 12.21%); Acinetobacter spp. (1.36%, 4.05%); Staphylococcus aureus (4.1%, 2.7%) respectively and 2.7% CoNS from non-catheterized patients. In the non- catheterized patients, 19 (26.02%) out of 73 bacterial isolates were biofilm-forming and in the catheterized patients, 33 (44.59%) out of 74 bacterial isolates were biofilm forming. The maximum biofilm-producing organism was Escherichia coli in both isolates. Biofilm- producing organism found relatively high resistance against tested antibiotics. Imipenem, Amikacin, Nitrofurantoin, and Piperacillin-tazobactam are the few microbial agents that are effective against biofilm-producing gram-negative organisms ..