Abstract
Two hundred fifty samples from different broiler chicken flocks were subjected for isolation of salmonella species (2017-2018). The percentage for isolated Salmonella was 14.4% (36/250). The obtained Salmonlla strains were obtained (Salmonella bardo, Salmonella norwich, Salmonella brancaster, Salmonella sekondi Π, Salmonella lamberhurst, Salmonella belgdam, Salmonella kentucky, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella goetebory, Salmonella kisii, Salmonella nigeria, Salmonella grampian, Salmonella newport, Salmonella noyo, Salmonella colindale, Salmonella seremban, Salmonella remo, Salmonella lindenburg, Salmonella a natum, Salmonella virchow, Salmonella tamiland, Salmonella york. In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity testing carried out on isolated salmonella strains revealed different antimicrobial resistance variation, high resistance rate were observed with lomefloxacin (77.7%), tetracycline (61%), kanamcin (50%) and trimethoprime and levofloxacin (47.2%). Also strains were subjected for detection of biofilm formation using glass tube test and detection of fimA gene was used for biofilm confirmation, 61.11% (22/36) of strains was having ability to produce biofilm, while 38.88 % (14/36) have no ability for biofilm production. Both positive and the negative biofilm formation of salmonella strains revealed the same degree of antibiotic resistance (100%). No great significance between biofilm formation, multidrug resistance and the intensity of clinical signs and postmortem lesions were observed, so no relation between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance.
Highlights
Salmonella can cause disease in domestic animals, differ in severity of a signs, diarrhea and enteritis to systemic syndrome, lead to great economic losses in poultry industry
Salmonellosis is of public health concern in both the developed and developing countries, it is one of the most important pathogens transmitted by food, especially poultry, which cause food poisoning, it has the ability to form biofilms on surfaces and It′s adhesion can be influenced by different physicochemical properties of these surfaces, while Salmonella uses fimbriae and produces cellulose as the main matrix components of biofilms
Some salmonella strains have ability for biofilm production 61.11% (22/36) and the others have n’t 38.88% (14/36), antimicrobial resistance was observed in both positive and negative biofilm formation (100%), and resulted in that there is no relation between biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance
Summary
Salmonella can cause disease in domestic animals, differ in severity of a signs, diarrhea and enteritis to systemic syndrome, lead to great economic losses in poultry industry. Biofilms are bacterial association that attach to a biological or non-biological surface and are enveloped by a bacterial-initiated matrix. This structure promote bacteria to survive in hostile conditions such as exposure to UV light, metal toxicity, acid exposure, dehydration and salinity, phagocytes, and several antibiotics and antimicrobial agents (Hall-Stoodley et al, 2004), as well as they can form biofilms on chicken intestinal epithelium Ledeboer and Jones, (2005). Distinguishable steps: (a) attachment to the carrier surface, reversible, (b) irreversible attachment, binding to the surface with the participation of adhesions or exopolysaccharides, (c) the development of microcolonies, a distinct mushroom shape, (d) the maturation of biofilmarchitecture (Donlan, and Costerton, 2002) and (Barnhart and Chapman, 2006), (e) under favorable conditions, the synthesis of martrix compoundsdecline and biofilm dispersion due to enzymatic cleavage of the matrix Gjermansen et al (2005). The aim of the work was to detect relation between antibiotic resistance of Salmonella strains and biofilm formation in broiler chicken
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