Abstract
PurposeAntinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) targeting the dense fine speckled antigen DFS70, also known as lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75 (LEDGF/p75), are attracting attention due to their low frequency in systemic rheumatic diseases but increased frequency in clinical laboratory referrals and healthy individuals (HI). These ANA specifically recognize the stress protein DFS70/LEDGFp75, implicated in cancer, HIV-AIDS, and inflammation. While their frequency has been investigated in various ethnic populations, there is little information on their frequency among Hispanics/Latinos. In this study, we determined the frequency of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies in Mexican Hispanics using multiple detection platforms.MethodsThe frequency of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 antibodies was determined in 171 individuals, including 71 dermatomyositis (DM) patients, 47 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, 30 obesity (OB) patients, and 23 HI. Antibody detection was achieved using four complementary assay platforms: indirect immunofluorescence, Western blotting, ELISA, and chemiluminescent immunoassay.ResultsWe detected relatively low frequencies of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 antibodies in patients with DM (1.4%), RA (4.3%), and OB (6.6%), and elevated frequency (17.4%) in HI. A strong concordance between the different antibody detection platforms was observed.ConclusionsThe low frequency of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 antibodies in Mexican patients with rheumatic diseases, but relatively higher frequency in HI, is consistent with previous observations with non-Hispanic populations, suggesting that geographic differences or ethnicity do not influence the frequency of these autoantibodies. Our results also highlight the importance of confirmatory assays for the accurate detection of these autoantibodies. Future studies with larger cohorts of healthy Hispanics/Latinos are needed to confirm if their anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 antibody frequencies are significantly higher than in non-Hispanics.
Highlights
The presence of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) is a key feature of Antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA)-associated rheumatic diseases (AARD) such as systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma [1]
We detected relatively low frequencies of antiDFS70/LEDGFp75 antibodies in patients with DM (1.4%), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (4.3%), and OB (6.6%), and elevated frequency (17.4%) in healthy individuals (HI)
The low frequency of anti-DFS70/ LEDGFp75 antibodies in Mexican patients with rheumatic diseases, but relatively higher frequency in HI, is consistent with previous observations with non-Hispanic populations, suggesting that geographic differences or ethnicity do not influence the frequency of these autoantibodies
Summary
The presence of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) is a key feature of ANA-associated rheumatic diseases (AARD) such as systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma [1]. The dense fine speckled (DFS) ANA pattern has recently been the subject of intense investigation since it is one the most commonly recognized autoantibody patterns produced by human sera referred to clinical laboratories for ANA testing by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) microscopy in HEp-2 substrates [2,3,4,5]. This pattern is characterized by uniformly distributed DFS in interphasic nuclei, staining of mitotic chromosomes, and reactivity against a 70–75 kDa protein by immunoblotting [6]. It has been recognized as an oncoprotein whose overexpression in cancer cells promotes tumor aggressive properties such as increased clonogenicity, migration, invasion, chemotherapy resistance, stress survival, angiogenesis and tumor growth (reviewed in Refs. [8, 9])
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