Detection of Aortic Dissection by a Combined Abdominal Sonogram and Computed Tomography Angiogram

Abstract

Aortic dissection is a rare pathology of the aorta involving separation of the layers of the aortic wall—specifically, the tunica intima and the tunica media. The type of aortic dissection involved is classified by where the separation occurs on the aorta. This case study presents the instrumental significance of performing complete versus limited abdominal sonographic examinations, including abdominal aorta evaluation. Initially, a limited abdominal sonogram was ordered to rule out gallbladder disease. The sonogram was reordered as a complete abdominal study, which led to the diagnosis of aortic dissection. The diagnosis was supported through sonographic features and computed tomography evaluation. The combined use of these two imaging modalities provided an accurate diagnosis and classification regarding the type of aortic dissection. A proper diagnosis and classification facilitated the appropriate treatment related to this type of aortic dissection.