Detection of Antibiotic Residue in Raw Bulk Milk in Tiyo and Digelu-Tijo Milk Shades of Arsi Zone, Ethiopia

Mulualem Ambaw

doi:10.7176/fsqm/107-03

Abstract

Across-sectional study was conducted from October 30/2017-July 30/2019 to determine antibiotic residues in raw bulk milk in Tiyo and Digelu-Tijo milk shades. Qualitative analysis by using Delvotest SP was conducted to screen antibiotic residues. A total of 125 milk samples were collected for antibiotic screening test. From 125 milk samples screened 12% 15/125 were positive for antibiotic residues. The prevalence was associated with presence of mastitis, history of use of antibiotics for the treatment of disease in their farms and herd size. The higher prevalence of residues was found in the dairy farms with higher prevalence of mastitis that uses antibiotics commonly for the treatment of mastitis and other disease. The residue occurrence was also higher in dairy farm owners who use antibiotics by themselves for the treatment and prevention of dairy cattle disease than consulting to veterinary for the treatment of the infected animals. The prevalence were statistically significant at (p<0.05). Attention has to be paid to the presence of drug residues in milk by producers, processors and consumers to be aware about the health impact of consumption of antibiotic residue with milk. Finally the use of effective enforcement of milk quality and safety standards is essential to provide the public with safe and wholesome animal product particularly milk and milk products. Keywords: Antibiotic screening, milk shad areas, delvotest SP Assay DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/107-03 Publication date: April 30 th 2021

Highlights

Antibiotics have been used in the dairy industry for more than five decades in dairy cattle production to control and prevent disease and to increase milk production or improve feed efficiency (IOM, 1989)
34.4% of the dairy farms in the study areas, two and more than two dairy cows were infected with mastitis in each farm and the remaining 65.6% farms, only one animal were infected with mastitis
The highest 18.2% of the dairy farms with mastitis positive farms were positive for antibiotic residues whereas the lower prevalence (7.7%) 5/65 of residues was detected from mastitis negative farms

Summary

Introduction

Antibiotics have been used in the dairy industry for more than five decades in dairy cattle production to control and prevent disease and to increase milk production or improve feed efficiency (IOM, 1989). Antibiotic contamination in milk can cause significant economic losses for producers and manufacturers of milk and milk products (Riediker, 2004). antimicrobial drugs are useful for treatment of human infections, their occurrence in milk causes adverse public health effects such as drug resistance and hypersensitivity that could be life threatening (Oslon and Sanders, 1975). Widespread use of antibiotics has created potential residue problems in milk and milk products that are consumed by the general public. Because of the public health significance, milk and milk products contaminated with antibiotics beyond a given residue levels, are considered unfit for human consumption (Hillerton et al, 1999).The good quality of milk must contain no harmful or toxic residues, such as antimicrobial al drugs (Owens et al.,1991). In addition the lack of good veterinary practice and illegal use of veterinary drugs by farmers will increase this problem (Oliver et al, 1990; McEwen et al, 1991)

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